1. Some matte-steel cabinet pulls for a modern touch to those cabinets that were likely installed when you were in kindergarten. Even if you don't consider yourself a handy person, this is a super easy DIY.  

www.amazon.com, www.amazon.com

Promising review: "Can't beat the quality for the price! Solid weight, none arrived scratched, bent or broken. Definitely get the template! It makes installation a breeze! With the template, I had 24 handles installed in less than 45 minutes! Immediately upgraded my cabinets. Very happy with this purchase!" —alexa

Get it from Amazon for $6.29+ (available in quantities 1–60 and in seven colors).

2. A Cerama Bryte cooktop cleaning kit so you can finally get rid of the gunk that seemed like it would never come off of your stove. 

www.amazon.com

The kit includes a 10-ounce bottle of Cerama Bryte Cooktop Cleaner, one cleaning pad, and one scraper to make it a quick and easy job.

Promising review: Does a fantastic job cleaning our glass stove top! Easy to use and keeps the stove top looking like new. The included scraper really helps safely remove stubborn burned-on food/liquids from stovetop." —JRo

Get it from Amazon for $14.98+ (available in three styles).

3. Some stove burner covers to help you catch the mess right away on gas stovetops. Or just cover up some chipped or sorry-looking stovetops. (I live in a rental with a white gas stovetop that def has some unsightly chips on it, so I can relate!)

www.amazon.com, Amazon

Psst, as you can see above, this set also comes with a crumb catcher where your stovetop meets your countertop!

Promising review: "I've been using the foil ones and while they do the job, they're not so nice to look at. I like that this is black so it matches the original color of the appliances, but more importantly I like that this has a larger surface area to catch the drips that the foil ones never could before. They're also trim to fit, so they get right up into each burner without leaving gaps where drips can burn where it's hardest to clean. Time will tell if they're as durable/reusable as they claim. If they are, then I'll try to trim two of the spares to fit the center large burner. Overall recommended." —Michael

Get an 8-pack from Amazon for $10.99 (also available in four colors).

4. A magnetic stove shelf that's the perfect amount of room to keep your most-used spices so you don't have to go digging in your cabinet while the oil is literally poppin' on your stove top. 

www.amazon.com, www.amazon.com

StoveShelf is a small business, and these shelves are built to last a lifetime. 

Promising review: "This product is so simple but already feels like it has a huge impact on my kitchen. I have a tiny kitchen, so I need to sneak any extra storage where I can, and this adds a shelf that wasn’t there before. I am looking forward to adding the Stoveshelf oil bottle set to my collection, so my most frequently used cooking oils are that much easier to grab." —Alison W

Get it from Amazon for $39.99 (available in three types and three sizes).

5. Some wood polish and conditioner that'll revive worn-out wood surfaces like cabinets and floors. Those cabinets may have decades of wear and tear but they don't have to *look* it. 

www.amazon.com

Enhances the natural beauty and depth of grain on finished *and* unfinished wood. For use on antiques, dining tables, kitchen cabinets, wood doors and trim, etc.

Promising review: "I have tried numerous products on my wood kitchen cabinets, and nothing has worked. You can see from the photos that they were in really bad shape. I applied this product and let it sit for 45 minutes before I wiped the cabinets down. I can’t believe how well it worked! If this didn’t work, I figured I would have to refinish or paint the cabinets because they looked so bad. I’m so glad I tried it! It has saved me a lot of time and money!" —nicole feather

Get it from Amazon for $8.47.

6. A wood scratch cover to hide all those dings and scrapes on the original trim and doors that've been around longer than you, and have SEEN some things.

www.amazon.com

Promising review: "I can't believe how well Old English works! I recently purchased a home where a dog previously lived and had horribly scratched the woodwork. I thought I may have to sand and refinish the woodwork around two doors. Old English saved me a lot of work! " —Behold Behold!

Get it from Amazon for $5.34.

7. A container of touch-up paint that'll help cover up all those chips and marks that seem to follow you around the room like one of those portraits where the eyes look straight forward. This is so so so much easier than doing a full paint job. 

www.amazon.com, www.amazon.com

Just make sure that the paint is a match!

Promising review: "Rather than ditching furniture into a landfill, which is bad for the environment and one's pocketbook, this product allows you to give new life to existing furniture. Between the Soto touchup and new handles, my entertainment center looks like new....for less than $35. If you can use liquid paper, you can use this. I just ordered another bottle for porcelain. This is a fantastic product. You will love it!" —LexiNYC

Get it from Amazon for $18.95 (available in 24 colors).

8. A set of fridge organizers because you're spellbound by #FridgeTok videos and yearn for your own appliance to be as blissfully organized as those stars. And these'll prevent all kinds of spills!

www.amazon.com

Promising review: "My daughter wanted to organize the fridge after watching a series of TikTok videos! These were exactly what she wanted! Download TikTok for your kids and maybe they will want to help organize, too!" —Sarah C. 

Get a set of eight bins from Amazon for $17.89 (available in four sizes and in sets of two, four, and six). 

9. A set of under-cabinet lights to bring a modern touch to any outdated cabinets that you wish you could replace. This'll instantly make your kitchen look *so* expensive.

www.amazon.com

Promising review: "I ordered these just to determine if we really needed under cabinet lighting. I really wasn't expecting much because of the price. It is very easy to install, with five levels of brightness with the included remote control, timers for on and off, and a manual on/off switch in the connecting wiring if you don't use the remote. Standard 2025 button battery for the remote. I really don't know how they can be sold for the price I paid. Also received in two days. The photo was taken in a very dark kitchen. Updated: I ordered two more packages to finish the lighting required. The electrical plug is much better since it does not stick out from the wall so far. Very pleased with these units." —Anthony E Spearman

Get three 12-inch lights from Amazon for $13.59.

10. A SnapPower GuideLight will optimize your regular old outlets instead of a night-light that you have to plug into an outlet that you always have to unplug the coffee grinder or do other tasks. 

www.amazon.com, Amazon

SnapPower is a small biz that specializes in unique and innovative lighting products. 

Promising review: "I ordered this after seeing it on TikTok. I’m very happy with this product!" —Miss. Harris 

"Game changer. When I get up, I don’t want to wake everyone up with flipping on lights and all. These provide plenty of walking through the house light. Super easy installation, too." —Monica Martinez 

Get it from Amazon for$22.98(available in three outlet styles and four colors). 

11. Some cabinet and drawer liners can protect your kitchen essentials from unnecessary wear and tear — even if your kitchen cabinets seem to be older than your grandma. Reviewers especially like that the bottom of the liner is grippy instead of sticky to stay put without leaving behind a mess. 

www.amazon.com, www.amazon.com

Promising review: "Very awesome stuff. The bottom of my cabinets had a rough, crumbly texture. This is a great fix to keep the silicone pieces of my dishes from picking it up. Feels a lot cleaner and it looks great! Highly recommend for looks and function!" —Kelsey Ware

Get it from Amazon for $37.99+ (available in 10 sizes and 11 colors and patterns).

12. A jar of the The Pink Stuff — a cleaning paste made to handle all kinds of sticky, stuck-on situations like this nasty-looking stovetop. Scrape away and lift any leftover crud by the previous tenants or owners with the help of this jar.  

www.amazon.com

Promising review: "Um, why haven't you bought it already? This stuff WORKS! As a repeat boil-over offender, this has saved my stove time and time again. No regrets buying it! First photo is after a messy cooking session, second photo shows just how great the pink stuff is at cleaning up!" —M.C.

Get it from Amazon for $5.97.

13. A drill brush cleaning kit that'll attach to your drill/driver for an informercial-like cleaning sesh that'll have you seeking out all the dirty surfaces you've been ignoring. This'll handle all the elbow grease.

www.amazon.com

Useful Products is a US-based small business established in 2007 by car wash owner, electrician, and former bodybuilder Anthony LaPolla that specializes in drill-cleaning brushes and attachments. 

Each of the different brush colors indicates which tasks the brushes are meant for based on their bristle type, so be sure to check which one is best suited for whatever you need to for! Yellow is the “all-purpose” medium bristle, but some are softer and harder depending on what types of surfaces you’re cleaning (but none of them will scratch!). 

Promising review: "I manage many apartment properties and finding people to do the cleaning has been tricky business, so I end up having to get in and clean these horrendous filth pods tenants lived in and left me to deal with when they move out. The ovens and stove tops are usually the worst, and I absolutely hate cleaning. I came across this drill attachment set, and let me tell you, it helped me tremendously! I still had to get in with a putty knife on some of them but it really cut down my elbow-grease time." —alicia haats

Get it from Amazon for $22.99 (available in six colors and stiffness levels).

14. A incredibly powerful grout cleaner can erase years of nasty buildup that you've just come to live with over the years. 

www.amazon.com

Promising review: "We moved into our house a year ago and I’ve been on a quest to clean the grout next to the stove ever since then. As a last resort I got this and holy cow! I left it on for three minutes as a spot test at first and I could already see a huge difference. I then did two more rounds letting it sit for five minutes each. The scent's not bad, it was fine if I had the window open, it was just being down close to it that got me. Seriously, stop looking and buy this." —Britney Phillips

Get it from Amazon for $18.66.

15. Plus, a grout pen will fake some squeaky clean, stainless grout for stuff that's been there awhile. Or, like this reviewer did as seen in these pics, let you change the shade of your grout as you'd want!

www.amazon.com

Promising review: "I installed an expensive soft white tile (if there is such a thing) floor in the kitchen when I bought my house. At the time, it was a new product and it was beautiful – that fuzzy, warm feeling changed the first time I dropped a fork. I have been so frustrated no wanting to rip up and put down replacement tiles. The grout pen made it look new again, I am thrilled with the results!" —K. Robles

Get it from Amazon for $8.99+ (available in two sizes).

16. A slim cutlery organizer here to prove that, yes! You do have room for all your cutlery in your tiny kitchen drawer! Scoot over, forks. (Yeah yeah yeah, your drawers are *hidden* but they still make such a huge different in your kitchen!)

Elizabeth Lilly / BuzzFeed

I have VERY narrow kitchen drawers in my NYC one-bedroom apartment kitchen and buying one of these organizers has transformed my cutlery drawer. I'm able to safely reach in and grab whatever I need (like a manual can opener for tuna salad or a mini whisk for a hot chocolate) without having to sift tools around.

Get it from Amazon for $5.99.

17. Spice strips for transforming your regular old drawer into a ~custom~ spice drawer. Come on, doesn't it look quite nice?!

Amazon

YouCopia is a small biz specializing in home goods. 

Promising review: "This is one of my favorite things I've ever purchased from Amazon! The fact that they're so customizable allows you to cut them and shape them to any drawer size! I think this will be my go-to gift for all of my friends who love cooking as much as I do! Freeing up cabinet space and having something that can so easily be rinsed off in the sink makes this a for sure buy!" —momonono

Get a 10-foot roll from Amazon for $16.99.

18. A bottle of Goo Gone foaming spray will help you win the good fight against greasy spills and messes. Your oven is about to get a makeover.

www.amazon.com

Promising review: "Wow! A degreaser that actually works! I love the foam, which starts to work immediately on my stove top as well as cookware and other kitchen surfaces." —P. Webb

Get it from Amazon for $7.34+ (available in two sizes).

19. A set of silicone-coated kitchen utensils that are nice-looking but neutral enough to blend in a bit with everything in your kitchen.

Amazon

Can withstand temperatures of -40 degrees F up to 446 degrees F/230 degrees C. Includes 24 tools and holder.

Promising review: "I love everything matching. Finally got rid of all my mix-match stuff! However, they are SO many items it was too much to fit in my drawer so I put the things I use the most in the drawer and kept the rest in the holder and store them with my pots and pans. The holder is plastic and cheap so this would not be something I’d leave on the counter.

The are super sturdy and sharp looking. AND, they didn’t get dirty, black or burnt when scraping up charred food in a frying pan. Cleaned right off of the spatula. Very pleased." —Bonnie Pfiester

Get them from Amazon for $22.99+ (available in eight color combos).

20. A *vinyl* runner that looks like a vintage Persian beaut but'll easily wipe up because spills WILL happen.

Food52

Promising review: "This is the rug I never knew I needed! I took a chance as it was on sale and am so happy I did — it has great cushion, is easy to clean, and looks fantastic!" —Kelly K

Get it from Food52 for $63+ (available in two sizes and four color combos).

21. An expandable under-sink kit can fit around awkward pipes in the kitchen or bathroom while giving some sturdy ground to those bottles of cleaner and rolls of toilet paper. No more cabinet avalanches!

www.amazon.com

Promising review: "I like this so much that I actually just ordered another one for under the bathroom sink. Not only did it tidy the clutter and make items easier to find at first glance, but also made it possible for me to store another few items below the sink, including the spray cleaners I use for my countertops. I didn't configure it around pipes (as I see can be done), but actually used the flexible shelving options to place taller or larger items directly on the floor of my under-sink storage — rather than on the lowest shelf (see last photo) — to maximize my storage possibilities and keep regularly used items accessible. I also didn't fully extend the shelving, just as suggested by the manufacturer for stability purposes ... and still found it offered ample storage. Easy to assemble, with some flexibility for shelf height and placement — highly recommend!" —Amazon Customer

Get it from Amazon for $24.87+ (available in three finishes).

22. A tea bag organizer — to hold 100 bags, so you can finally dedicate your tea shelf to other things.

www.amazon.com, www.amazon.com

Promising review: "This is an amazing tool to organize, declutter, and gain accessibility. I used to have a shelf of boxed teas that I had to rummage through when I wanted to make a cup. Now I can see what I have, I save cabinet space, and it is easy to store along side my kettle. I loved it so much I ordered a second one for my office. I get many compliments." —D. Burks

Get it from Amazon for $19.80+ (available in three colors).

23. A set of measurement decals you can glance at rather than googling "how many teaspoons in a tablespoon" for the millionth time. (BTW, the answer is three.)

Amazon

Note that this kit includes just the decals and measurement labels, not the horizontal holders or hooks for the measuring cups and spoons. 

Promising review: "Bought these for my mom. I applied them inside her baking cupboard and it makes doing conversions for recipes a breeze. So convenient." —Kelly C.

Get them from Amazon for $11.99.

24. A bottle of plant-based stainless steel cleaner and polish spray (that comes with a microfiber cloth) for a low-lift transformation. You lucked out with stainless steel-appliances in place — which so happen to be $$$. Their upkeep shouldn't be!

www.amazon.com

Promising review: "I live in an apartment. The sink is about 35-years-old and has become badly stained and scratched from neglect and indifferent care. This has made a noticeable difference. This sink will never look brand new again, but your product removed, I would say, about 80% of the stains, without any extraordinary effort, and put a really polished look on the sink. It is gleaming and actually looks very clean for the first time since I have lived here." —David Brennan

Get it from Amazon for $19.95 (also available in packs of two and six).

25. A small compost bin/trash can will hang on a cabinet door for easy hiding and use. The lid lifts up *or* flips over for easily dumping as you food prep. In fact, I bought this for my tiny NYC apartment kitchen as a trash can and adore it. 

www.amazon.com, www.amazon.com

Promising review: "So I saw this tiny trash can on TikTok, and I was moving into a tiny studio apartment and thought this would be perfect. Turns out it's one of the best things I've ever bought. I installed mine with the over-the-cabinet hooks (also comes with adhesive stickers) on my kitchen island, and it is so convenient I can't even express with words. The lid is on this nifty hinge so you can open it by flipping the lid up, or by sliding it forward and it folds down out of the way. I usually keep it open while I'm cooking but I can close it super quickly if I see the dog coming. There is a little pull tab for easy opening. It is so easy to use and easy to clean. It's also so cute! I use my plastic grocery bags as trash can liners for this and they fit perfectly. It comes with a roll of bags as well. The lid lifts off easily to change bags out. Clicks back on easily over the new liner. Can't recommend this enough!! This is going on my list of 'best things I've ever spent my money on.'" —Ginger

Get it from Amazon for $23.99 (available in three colors). 

26. An accordion-like pots and pan organizer can easily adjust with your growing organizing needs. (Even that griddle pan you just had to buy.)

Amazon

The length expands to 30" and each rod is 6.5" tall to accommodate taller items. Synthetic rubber bumpers protect your delicate surfaces.

Promising review: "Finally, a solution to corral all of these freaking pot and pan lids! It expands perfectly to accommodate my 30" wide cabinet. Actually, it can go a little further than that but it gets less stable when you exceed the maximum width. It also works great for smaller cabinets. I tried it out in a pull-out drawer that's approximately 24" and it serves its purpose well." —Nurse Bex

Get it from Amazon for $29.99.

27. Some mounted wine racks for a storage solution that'll make getting a post-work pour that much easier. Plus it'll be a super easy way to display any especially decorative glasses.

www.amazon.com

I lucked out with some similar racks already mounted in my apartment (like these!) and I adore them.

Promising review: "These could not have been easier to install! They hold my everyday stemware securely, and they make for a nice display. Game-changer in my cabinet organization." —C. Mathes

Get three rows (enough for nine glasses) from Amazon for $18.99 (available in four colors and two styles).

28. A set ofadjustable mug organizers that'll help you better use your kitchen cabinet space *and* also keep your mugs safer since they fit on top of a mug, creating a setup where you can safely stack a second mug on top instead of googling replacements. 

www.amazon.com

Elypro is a small business in New York City making clever organization products for the home. 

Promising review: "I use these to organize my coffee mugs and my glasses in smaller cabinets. They not only look nicer, they save space without tilting when you try to stack mugs without support. I also use these to stack ramekins and that is also better now. These are adjustable to fit different sizes. I highly recommend these organizers!" —Amazon Customer

Get a set of six (to organize 12 mugs) from Amazon for$24.99 (available in three colors). 

29. A charming fruit hammock you can screw onto the underside of your kitchen cabinets to clear up some counter space and put your farmers market haul on display.

macraYAYmacrame / Etsy

macraYAYmacrame is an Indianapolis, Indiana-based shop that makes a variety of cool macrame accessories. 

My colleague Jenae Sitzes owns and loves this: 

"I recently picked up this macrame basket (in the Cactus shade) and *highly* recommend it if you're looking to add a cozy touch to your kitchen. As someone with a relatively small NYC kitchen, I need every bit of counter space I can get, and this lets me keep produce out without having to take up space with a fruit basket or banana stand. I'm a big fan of utilizing vertical space as storage, and this does just that; plus, it allows for ventilation to help your fruit stay fresh for longer. I'm constantly cooking with onions or grabbing an apple as a mid-day snack, and having them right there at an arm's reach is sooo nice. BTW, these come with hooks that screw directly into a cabinet, but if you (like me) want to avoid that damage, I recommend using Command hooks — I'm using four of these small toggle hooks and they've held up the basket *with* produce in it wonderfully."

Get it from macraYAYmacrame on Etsy for $33.

30. A cabinet door organizer to help corral your boxes of food wrap and cutting boards. 

www.amazon.com, www.amazon.com

Promising review: "This organizer is so useful! I recently moved and ended up with a much smaller kitchen, so I've been doing everything I can to make sure there's a place for everything and no wasted space. Luckily, I have pretty wide cabinets, so this works out perfectly. I have one holding my cutting boards (four standard plastic boards) and another holding my foil, cling wrap, and parchment paper boxes. The organizer is super easy to assemble and it's completely versatile. Hang it over the cabinet door or attach it to the wall/cabinet door, which means it's great for renters and owners." —Kerry

Get it from Amazon for $17.97 (also available in a two-pack).

31. A plastic bag dispenser that'll bring some order to your kitchen drawers. 

www.amazon.com, www.amazon.com

Check out a TikTok of the plastic bag dispenserin action. Psst — these come with optional sticker labels so you know which size bag you're grabbing! 

Promising review: "I like it very much. Not so large. Lightweight. Would look nice on top of the counter. What I like is that you do not have to wrangle the box into the slots. Simply pick up the roll of bags from their packaging and put them in the designated slot." —Amazon Customer

Get it from Amazon for $19.99+ (available in three-, four-, or five-slot models). 

32. A pack of adhesive cord bundlers you can stick on the back of your kitchen appliances to keep power cords orderly instead of tripping up you (and your kitchen countertop setup).

www.amazon.com

Promising review: "My wife bought these for kitchen appliances after seeing a TikTok video. They work great and help things look neater!" —Josh&Shan

Get a six-pack from Amazon for $12.56. 

33. Fridge bin liners will absorb extra moisture in an effort to keep your produce fresher for longer. PLUS, they'll catch the brunt of messy spills and will be so much easier to clean than taking a drawer out of the fridge and awkwardly scrubbing it down in your sink. 

Amazon

Promising review: "Fits my Kenmore like a charm. Don't know why it took me so long to figure this solution out." —Shell

Get a three-pack from Amazon for $7.70.

34. A slim, slide-out caddy that's skinny but tall enough to place in the weird little space between your fridge and kitchen cabinets. This is also perfect for the stuff you put in the fridge but you don't really need to stash in the fridge.

Amazon, www.amazon.com

Promising review: "Great addition to my galley kitchen! I placed by my fridge for easy access while cooking and it has worked seamlessly for my needs! Easily stores spices, plastic bags, and aluminum foil." —Elizabeth B.

Get it from Amazon for $37.99.

35. Some peel-and-stick backsplash "tile" you can apply on a blank wall for a fraction of the price of *actual* tile installation.

www.amazon.com, www.amazon.com

Promising review: "I have been blown away with how great they look and every person who has seen them after I put them up doesn’t know they are not real tile. They are shiny like tile and have the texture of tile as well. They are easy to clean and relatively easy to install. It took me two afternoons only because I hadn’t ordered enough and needed one more package (a total of three packages completed my L-shaped back splash area)." —Kyle & Noelle

Get 10 sheets from Amazon for $27.99+ (available in two styles).

36. A pair of kitchen sink strainers to catch all those lil' chopped onion bits that always end up in your sink. 

www.amazon.com

Promising review: "I have purchased every type of kitchen sink strainer available and these are the best! So easy to clean, completely covers the drain and they catch everything. I would buy these again." —Mary

Get them from Amazon for $7.99.

37. An attractive storage rail you can hang up where you need it...even out in the open because it looks *that* nice!

Keyaiira / Etsy

Keyaiira is a Santa Rosa, California-based shop that sells leather and fiber home goods.

Get it from Keyaiira on Etsy for $32.99+ (available in seven leather loop colors and several rail sizes).

38. A stackable can rack to help your pantry look like a grocery store of staples.

www.amazon.com

Deco Brothers is a small biz. 

Made from heavy-gauge steel and can store up to 36 cans of various sizes.

Promising review: "These units were easy to assemble. They felt sturdy. I love that they are made of metal and not cheap plastic. I'm considering buying two more, and going side by side and stocking up on can goods!" —Amazon Customer

Get it from Amazon for $24.97.

39. A conversion kit that'll let you hang some statement pendant light or a gorgeous mini chandelier if you wrinkle your nose at minimalist recessed lighting. 

www.amazon.com

It has an about six-step installation process and includes all the parts you'll need. The brace adjusts to any size between 4” and 6” and fits the standard base sockets. They can be used on sloped ceilings up to 45˚, works in damp locations, has a 50-pound maximum load rating, and is paintable with no visible screws or hardware.

Promising review: "This was a pretty easy installation considering the work is on the ceiling. I've been wanting to change out the two can lights over my sink for years, so I started investigating the easiest possible way to do so. Ran across this item, and watched the video on YouTube. What the heck, I thought! Rewatched the video before installation, looked at the directions on both the converter kit and the pendant light, gathered the necessary tools described in all instructions, and set upon my mission. The hardest part (for me) was getting the self-tapping screws started. I'm pretty pleased with the outcome, I must say! By the way, I'm a 55-year-old female who has worked at a bank all of my life. Yes! It was that easy. I would highly recommend it." —Trisch Reeve

Get it from Amazon for $26.79.

40. A window film that'll still let in SO much light while giving you a bit of privacy in your kitchen — especially if a neighbor's window looks RIGHT into yours. (Really, that's only cute in sitcoms.) 

www.amazon.com

Promising review: "I have a weird skinny window in my house where no normal window covering works. People walking on our community trail can see up into our upstairs bathroom when the light is on and it's dark outside. Not a good plan at all. So I used this window film and cut different-sized circles and placed then on this window to interrupt the view into the house. Worked perfectly! Very easy to use." —Marsgard

Get it from Amazon for $5.80+ (available in 14 sizes).

41. A broom and mop organizer you can mount on a closet or pantry wall for a tidy "after" so you won't worry about an avalanche when you open that door. You know what I'm talking about.

www.amazon.com

Promising review: "Repeat customer! I purchased one to organize the garden tools (rake, hoe, cultivator, shovel, etc.) in our garage and by alternating the tops of the tools up/down, was able to fit them neatly in the holder. Liked it so much, going to install another next to it for the other items. The hooks are a nice feature to hold our gloves and a simple plastic bag to hold things when needed." —Rob C.

Get it from Amazon for $16.97.

Reviews have been edited for length and/or clarity.

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