TOKYO – Mr Taisei Hikage is fighting a losing battle at his Tokyo ramen shop – not to attract customers, but to keep a lid on the price he charges for Japan’s national comfort food in the face of an incessant rise in ingredient and fuel costs.

Since opening his shop in the west of the capital 1½ years ago, Mr Hikage, 26, has raised menu prices three times but still struggles with rising costs. His top-selling “Special Ramen” is up 47 per cent, selling for 1,250 yen (S$10.80).

“Traditionally, ramen shops were supposed to offer something cheap and tasty,” Mr Hikage said between stirring big pots of broth and blanching noodles. “It’s no longer cheap food for the masses.”

The problems facing ramen vendors – a record number of shop operators are set to go bankrupt this year – reflect a cost-of-living crunch that has become a top issue for voters in Japan’s general election on Oct 27.

The ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) of Japan’s Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba, a self-described ramen fanatic, and opposition parties have pledged various measures to offset rising costs for businesses and households.

Those efforts to control rising prices, in a land emerging from decades of deflation, could tip an election where opinion polls show the LDP – which has ruled Japan for almost all of the post-war era – might lose its parliamentary majority.

Mr Hikage, who said he will be too busy working in his restaurant to vote, hopes the victors will consider introducing subsidies to offset rising costs.

His award-winning noodles remain in demand despite the repeated price hikes, with long queues in front of his shop day and night.

Some of his competitors are not faring so well: 49 ramen shop operators with debts of at least 10 million yen filed for bankruptcy in the first seven months of 2024, on track to exceed the 2020 record of 54 bankruptcies, according to credit research firm Teikoku Databank.

‘Weeded out’

Mr Hikage prides himself on using mostly domestic ingredients, but many ramen restaurants rely heavily on imported materials like the flour to make noodles.

Japan’s import costs have risen as the yen has sunk. The currency hit a 34-year low against the dollar in 2024 and has struggled to regain ground. Also boosting costs for ramen shops are higher energy and grain prices, triggered by Russia’s war in Ukraine, as well as rising labour costs.

The plight of Japan’s ramen shops illustrates a larger trend, as companies that fail to adjust to the era of inflation go under.

Nationwide bankruptcies in the six months to September jumped 18.6 per cent from the same period last year to 4,990 cases, with a record number caused by inflation, said Teikoku Databank.

“Just like ramen shops, companies offering goods and services that are in demand are transferring costs to product prices and seeing their sales grow. Those struggling to pass on higher costs are being weeded out,” said Dai-ichi Life Research Institute’s executive chief economist Toshihiro Nagahama.

An employee serving customers at Tokyo ramen shop Menya Taisei on Oct 22. The noodles remain in demand despite the repeated price hikes. PHOTO: REUTERS

But Mr Nagahama said politicians’ tendency to dish out support measures to win votes may be counterproductive in the long term.

“If too many ‘zombie’ firms, or companies that cannot raise productivity or wages, are kept alive, they could be a drag on the Japanese economy,” he said.

For now, Mr Hikage said he will focus on serving quality dishes and hope the election can bring some kind of positive change.

“Our task now is to endure this and focus on offering something delicious, with our heads bowed to customers,” he said. REUTERS